Altai – The Altai Kizhi, Telengits, Teles, and Teleuts are pastoralists of mixed Turkic-Mongolian descent. After the great changes brought by Russian colonization in the 18th century, there arose shamans who, not
Environmentalism – Shamans cannot strictly be identified as environmentalists because, as animists, they are members of a large community of life rather than being surrounded by an impersonal environment or “nature.” However, the common indigenous requirement to be respectful and
Fausto, Carlos – In an important article with particular reference to the Parakanã, Fausto defines Amazonian shamanism as “predatory animism.” In an elucidating comment, he contrasts neoshamanism, which is “turned on the
According to Hawaiian shamans, the stuff of which everything in the Universe is created and connected. A vast web of aka threads connects all things. These connections can be created with thoughts
Air, one of the elemental powers, can be used for healing in both its physical form and in its energetic form, as when the shaman works with the element in the invisible
The aghula is a traditional dance of the Eskimo. It provides preventative medicine for the community and an inner journey for the dancers back to the roots of the people’s origin and
The Achuar are an indigenous people living deep in the Ecuadorian rain forest. Their total population ranges somewhere between 6,000 to 8,000 people, and, when maintained at this population, they can live
The achnucek is a transformed shaman of the Aleut and Kodiak peoples of the southern Alaskan regions. Their gender variance was recognized when they were children, sometimes infants. These boys were raised
Aboriginal, from the Latin phrase ab origine meaning from the beginning, refers to the first people. When capitalized, Aboriginal refers to the first people of Australia. Otherwise, aboriginal refers to the first
Extra Pay – Term proposed by Graham Harvey referring to the ways in which Western (scholars and neo-shamans) might contribute to shamanisms in a reciprocal (decolonizing) way. Harvey borrows from Lewis Carroll’s
Evenk (Tungus) – The term shaman derives from the Tungus language group, the largest of the northern group of the Manchu-Tungus languages, and the nomadic reindeer herding Evenk (formerly known as the
European Paleolithic – The Old Stone Age, a chronological period extending from around two million years ago to around ten thousand years ago, depending on the area at issue, and encompassing the
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