Lux Ferre

Tuva – Tuva lies north of Mongolia, east of Central Asia, and south of Southern Siberia, and the Tuvans are pastoralists of mixed Turkic-Mongolian descent with genealogical ties going back to Chinggis

Turner, Edith – University of Virginia symbolic anthropologist who has written extensively about indigenous healing practices in Africa and the Arctic. Turner’s reflections on her participation in healing work among the Ndembu

Tukano – Shamans, or payé, among the Tukano of Colombia use tobacco and ayahuasca in order to engage with such other-thanhuman persons as the powerful jaguar. Key research among the payé was

JOHN TRUHUJO PRAYS AFTER DOCTORING A PATIENT. NOTE DIRECTIONALITY OF MEDICINE FEATHERS. PRYOR, 1941. John Truhujo (c. 1883–1985) – Shoshone (Native American) medicine man and Sun Dance chief who was elected and

Tricksters – The animist worldviews or cosmologies within which shamans are required ritualists, mediators, healers, or combatants usually posit co-creation by a wide community of persons. At least some of these are

Transvestitism – Shamans in many cultures perform alternative gender and other cultural, societal, and kinship roles different from those locally deemed “normal.” Some male shamans adopt the costume of women, while some

Transformation – Many shamans are purported to be able to transform themselves, either at will or with the aid of otherworld and other-than-human persons, or spirits, into forms other than their own.

Trance – Shamans are sometimes distinguished from other religious or cultural leaders by their ability to deliberately enter altered states of consciousness. A trance may be considered a dissociative state of mind

Townsend, Joan – Professor emeritus in anthropology at the University of Manitoba, Canada. Broadly concurring with Michael Harner’s definition of core shamanism as the essential character of indigenous shamanisms, Townsend’s analysis of

Tourism – Shamanic performances and shamanic use of visioninducing plant derivatives have attracted both scholars and enthusiasts seeking initiation, education, and entertainment. While shamanism tourism and hallucinogen tourism have seriously disrupted indigenous