Altai – The Altai Kizhi, Telengits, Teles, and Teleuts are pastoralists of mixed Turkic-Mongolian descent. After the great changes brought by Russian colonization in the 18th century, there arose shamans who, not
Environmentalism – Shamans cannot strictly be identified as environmentalists because, as animists, they are members of a large community of life rather than being surrounded by an impersonal environment or “nature.” However, the common indigenous requirement to be respectful and
MacLellan, Gordon (“The Toad”) – British environmental educator and performer who runs Creeping Toad Education, Training and Workshops with the mission of helping people “discover their own ways of valuing the ‘specialness’
Locus Classicus – Apurist approach identifies Siberia as the classic example of shamanism, since this is where the term shaman originates, among the Evenk. Some scholars include the Arctic as part of
Living Treasures Award – The Foundation for Shamanic Studies (FSS) makes this award to “exceptionally distinguished” indigenous shamans “where their age-old knowledge of shamanism and shamanic healing is in danger of extinction.”
Lindquist, Galina – Swedish anthropologist whose important fieldwork on neo-shamanisms in Sweden (1992–95) resulted in a doctoral thesis published as Shamanic Performance on the Urban Scene: Neo-Shamanism in Contemporary Sweden (1997). Lindquist
Lewis-Williams, J. David – South African rock art researcher who proposed a shamanistic interpretation (also known as the “trance hypothesis”) to some of this diverse imagery. Attending to the similarities between the
Lewis, Ioan M. (1930– ) – Professor emeritus of anthropology at the London School of Economics and author of Ecstatic Religion: A Study of Shamanism and Spirit Possession (1971). His wide-ranging research
Letcher, Andy (1968– ) British scholar of religion whose work has focused on the role of the bard in contemporary Paganism and entheogenic neo-shamanism. His research on the latter, Shroom: A Cultural
Leary, Timothy (1920–1996) – Clinical psychologist and counterculture drug guru. With a Ph.D. in clinical psychology, Leary founded the Harvard Center for Research in Personality in 1958. After eating a number of
John Lame Deer, (Fire) (1900 or 1903–1976) – Oglala Lakota wichasha wakan, holy man or medicine man, who also earned a living as, among other things, a rancher, rodeo rider, and reservation
Lakota – Indigenous nation originating in and around the Great Plains of the center of North America. Their holy people serve as repositories of knowledge, ceremonial leaders, healers, and mediators with significant
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