Altai – The Altai Kizhi, Telengits, Teles, and Teleuts are pastoralists of mixed Turkic-Mongolian descent. After the great changes brought by Russian colonization in the 18th century, there arose shamans who, not
Environmentalism – Shamans cannot strictly be identified as environmentalists because, as animists, they are members of a large community of life rather than being surrounded by an impersonal environment or “nature.” However, the common indigenous requirement to be respectful and
Black Elk, Nicholas (1863–1950) Also known as Hehaka Sapa. An Oglala Lakota whose childhood visions and training enabled him to work as a holy man or medicine man: a healer, leader, and
Bird-David, Nurit (1951– ) Anthropologist at the University of Haifa, Israel, whose article “Animism Revisited” is of considerable importance in understanding animism, the worldview and lifeways of shamans and their communities. Her
Beuys, Joseph (1921–1986) – German artist who termed himself a shaman. Tartars allegedly rescued Beuys after the Stuka plane in which he was the radio operator crashed in the Crimea during World
Becoming-Animal – In 1980 French philosopher Gilles Deleuze (1925–1995) and psychoanalyst Félix Guttari (1930–1992) published A Thousand Plateaus, the second part of Capitalism and Schizophrenia (part 1 is entitled Anti-Oedipus [1972]). Deleuze
Bear ceremonialism – Among many Native American, Northern European, and Siberian communities, many rituals form part of a complex of “bear ceremonialism.” Marjorie Balzer, for example, draws out the diversities and social
Bates, Brian – Professor of psychology at the University of Brighton and director of the Shaman Research Program at the University of Sussex. Bates is best known as the author of The
Batak – Indigenous people from the remaining forests of Palawan, the Philippines. Their shamans share many of the functions of shamans elsewhere, but a principal role is as mediators between human communities
Basilov, Vladimir (1937–1998) – Russian ethnographer who published extensively on shamans in Central Asia during the latter half of the 20th century. He redressed the scholarly neglect of shamanisms in the region
Balzer, Majorie Mandelstam (1950– ) Research professor at Georgetown University in the Sociology/Anthropology Department and the Center for Eurasian, Russian, and East European Studies (CERES), where she coordinates the Social, Ethnic, and
Ayahuasca – Literally, “vine of the dead” in Quechua; also known as yagé and cognates in various indigenous Amazonian languages. A blend of extracts of the Banisteriopsis vine and Psychotria virdis or
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