Altai – The Altai Kizhi, Telengits, Teles, and Teleuts are pastoralists of mixed Turkic-Mongolian descent. After the great changes brought by Russian colonization in the 18th century, there arose shamans who, not
Environmentalism – Shamans cannot strictly be identified as environmentalists because, as animists, they are members of a large community of life rather than being surrounded by an impersonal environment or “nature.” However, the common indigenous requirement to be respectful and
Burroughs, William S. – (1919–1997) American writer and performer whose correspondence with Allen Ginsberg about ayahuasca or yagé was published as The Yagé Letters in 1963. This was 12 years after he
Michael Forbes Brown : The Lambert Professor of Anthropology and Latin American Studies at Williams College, Massachusetts, Brown authored books including Tsewa’s Gift: Magic and Meaning in an Amazonian Society (1986), The
Brown, Joseph Epes (1920–2000) – Like John Neihardt, Brown is a significant interpreter of the Lakota knowledge told to him by Nicholas Black Elk. Brown’s book The Sacred Pipe (1971), based on
Brain Chemistry : Western science views the brain as the source of human consciousness, and increasingly sophisticated understandings of brain chemistry have prompted some researchers on shamanism to consider brain chemistry and
Bön-Po – A Tibetan form of Buddhism that is likely to have originated as a pre-Buddhist animism with shamanic leaders. Some interpreters try to maintain a distinction between Bön and Buddhism, but
Franz Boas (1858–1942) – German anthropologist who spent most of his life in the United States and is known as a “founding father” of American (i.e., cultural) anthropology, at Columbia University heading
Blood – In discussing Amazonian shamanism, Carlos Fausto notes that to many specialists “the most noticeable fact about this myriad of neoshamanic sites and rites is not its profusion but rather the
Blain, Jenny (1949– ) – Senior lecturer in applied social sciences in the Faculty of Development and Society at Sheffield Hallam University, where she leads the master’s program in social science research
Black Shamanism – Caroline Humphrey cites the 19th-century Buryat scholar Dorji Banzarov as saying that there was no indigenous term for shamanism, but that a recognizable complex of practices and cosmology had
Black Elk, Wallace (1921–2004) – An Oglala Lakota who conducted healing and shamanic rituals both for Native and non-Native Americans. His conversations with William Lyon (beginning in 1978) led to the publication
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