Father Louis Gaufridi (also spelled Ludovico Gaufridi) was a French Roman Catholic priest and a central figure in a famous witchcraft trial that took place in the 17th century. This trial, known
Hopkins, Matthew (?–1647?) England’s most notorious professional witch-hunter, who brought about the condemnations and executions of at least 230 alleged witches, more than all other witch-hunters combined during the 160-year peak of the country’s witch hysteria. Hopkins was born in
KRAMER (INSTITORIS), HEINRICH (ca. 1430–1505).A Dominican friar and papal inquisitor, Kramer (the name he used in his German writings; he used Institoris in his Latin works) is best known as the author
SPRENGER, JAKOB (ca. 1436/38–1495). Traditionally listed as one of the authors of the infamous late-medieval witch-hunting manual Malleus maleficarum (Hammer of Witches), Sprenger was a Dominican friar, theologian, and papal inquisitor active
Montague Summers, (1880–1948) was an English author who wrote extensively on Witchcraft, Demonology, vampires and werewolves (see Lycanthropy). He believed that Satan and his Demons were real and that they exerted a
Cornelius Loos (1546–1593) A Catholic priest and scholar, Loos was a strong opponent of witch-hunting who ultimately suffered condemnation as a heretic for his beliefs. Born in Gouda in the Netherlands, Loos
Balthasar Bekker (1634–1698). One of the most important and perhaps the most thorough opponent of witch-hunting in the 17th century, Bekker was a Dutch clergyman. In 1690, he published the first volumes
Pierre Bayle (1647–1706). An important philosopher, born in France and later a professor at the university in Rotterdam, Bayle was a strong advocate of liberalism and religious toleration. He treated the subject
William Perkins (1555–1602) England Puritan and Demonologist, a Fellow at Christ’s College in Cambridge, whose views on witches and Witchcraft greatly shaped public opinion in the last decade of the 16th century
Joan of Arc (1412–1431) A French peasant girl who, spurred on by divine voices and visions, fought the English and secured the coronation of the dauphin Charles as king of France. Contrary
James I (1566–1625) king of Scotland and England who strengthened anti-witch laws in 1604. James’ own beliefs about witchcraft reflected the popular views of the day, and while he permitted prosecutions of
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