Materialization is the process of forming seemingly solid spirit faces, body parts or complete spirit figures by a Medium during a séance. Full-body materializations once were considered the ultimate feat of physical
Séance: Spirit Communication, Mediumship, and the Search for the Dead A séance is a sitting organised for the purpose of receiving spirit communications or paranormal manifestations through a medium. The word séance is French for “sitting,” a term that became
Runólfur Runólfsson: The Ghost Who Returned for His Missing Leg In the autumn of 1937, an unknown presence began interrupting séances held in Reykjavík by the Icelandic trance medium Hafsteinn Björnsson. The
Psychometry is the ability to obtain information about a person, place, or event by handling an object such as a ring, piece of clothing, or other item. Psychometry is considered a psychic
Pseudopod is an Ectoplasmic extrusion from a Medium that develops into a false hand or arm. The producing of Ectoplasm in a Séance can be accomplished by trickery, and various mediums have
A picture test is a mediumistic test in which a communicator predicts that a sitter will soon come into contact with or in possession of a picture or painting. In many such
A newspaper test is a Mediumistic test in which a discarnate communicator predicts items to appear in as-yet unpublished newspapers. The tests were originated in 1919 by Feda, the spirit Control of
John and Katie King : Father and daughter spirit Controls. Probably the busiest spirit of the dead in the history of Spiritualism, John King served as the spirit control for many major
Ideoplasty is a theory in mediumship that suggests the beliefs and expectations of the people participating in a séance (called “sitters” or “experimenters”) can telepathically influence the medium. This influence leads the
A home circle, also known as a home sitting, a home circle is a Séance held in a home, with or without the services of a professional Medium, for the purpose of
Goligher Circle Members of an Irish spiritualist family who formed a Mediumship circle studied by William Jackson Crawford, a lecturer in mechanical engineering at Queens University, Belfast. The Goligher Circle consisted of
A control is a spirit of the dead that acts as a medium’s primary interface with the spirit world. The control allegedly takes over a medium’s body for extended periods during altered
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